Before planting the mango seedlings, the land should be prepared and base fertilizer should be applied. From the seedling stage or after the seedlings survive, proper shaping and pruning should be carried out to ensure that the branches are evenly distributed, the tree has good light penetration, which is beneficial for both nutrient growth and fruiting, and forms a tree shape that is early bearing, high yield and stable production. Otherwise, it is likely to cause poor tree permeability, severe diseases and pests, and low fruit commercial value after fruiting.
I. Pruning and shaping methods
1. Natural round-topped shaping method. After the plant is planted, when it grows to a height of 60-70 centimeters, cut off the top to establish the main trunk. The first lateral branch should be 30-40 centimeters away from the main trunk, and the second lateral branch should be 25-35 centimeters away from the main branch. Repeat this process to form a round-topped tree crown.
2. It is a central trunk shaping method. When the plant grows to a height of 60-70 centimeters, the main stem is pruned and fixed. There are 3 main branches in the first layer, and 3-4 main branches are left in the second layer, spaced about 20 centimeters from the second main branch. This tree has a distinct central main stem that stands upright and upward. The tree crown forms two layers of leaves, one smaller at the top and one larger at the bottom.
3. Natural fan-shaped shaping method. This method involves pinching off the tips of the plants when they reach a height of 50 to 90 centimeters, to promote branching and to retain 3 main branches. The second layer of main branches forms a diagonal cross shape with the first layer of main branches, and the direction is interlaced with that of the first layer. This method is suitable for dwarfing, dense planting, and intensive cultivation, which is conducive to ventilation and light penetration in the rows. However, the shaping and pruning techniques require high skills and are labor-intensive.
II. Key Points for High-yield Management of Mangoes
1. Fertilizer Management. In addition to the aforementioned pruning and shaping, organic fertilizer and high-quality compound fertilizer can be chosen as fertilizers. During the flower bud differentiation period of mature mango trees (one month before flowering, i.e., September-October), a flower induction fertilizer should be applied, mainly consisting of nitrogen (urea) and potassium (potassium nitrate); in April-May, during the fruit expansion period, a fruit-promoting fertilizer should be applied; after fruit harvest, organic fertilizer should be used as the main fertilizer.
2. Regulate for increased production. During the spring flowering period of mangoes, if rainy and cold weather occurs, the early-blooming flower clusters can be removed manually, and a concentration of 500 milligrams per liter of paclobutrazol can be sprayed to delay the flowering period. If the weather conditions are good, ethylene can be sprayed to promote the flowering of the trees and inhibit the growth of over-nourished branches. Manually remove the overly dense flower clusters to ensure uniform fruit growth.
3. Pest and disease control. Common diseases of mangoes include anthracnose, powdery mildew, and gummosis. Medication can be used for prevention or control before or at the early stage of the disease occurrence. For anthracnose, 80% mancozeb WP at a concentration of 400-600 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP at 1000-1500 times, or 50% benomyl WP at 800-1000 times, or 25% mancozeb EC at 2000-3000 times can be used for control. For powdery mildew, 20% triadimefon EC at 800 times or 15% triadimefon WP at 500 times can be used. For gummosis, the diseased part can be cut with a knife, and a wound healing and anti-corrosion film can be applied to seal the wound. Regularly apply new high lipid film and spray 70% thiophanate-methyl WP at a concentration of 800 times.
Regulate for increased production. During the spring flowering period of mangoes, if rainy and cold weather occurs, the early-blooming flower clusters can be removed manually, and a concentration of 500 milligrams per liter of paclobutrazol can be sprayed to delay the flowering period. If the weather conditions are good, ethylene can be sprayed to promote the flowering of the trees and inhibit the growth of over-nourished branches. Manually remove the overly dense flower clusters to ensure uniform fruit growth.
Pest and disease control. Common diseases of mangoes include anthracnose, powdery mildew, and gummosis. Medication can be used for prevention or control before or at the early stage of the disease occurrence. For anthracnose, 80% mancozeb WP at a concentration of 400-600 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP at 1000-1500 times, or 50% benomyl WP at 800-1000 times, or 25% mancozeb EC at 2000-3000 times can be used for control. For powdery mildew, 20% triadimefon EC at 800 times or 15% triadimefon WP at 500 times can be used. For gummosis, the diseased part can be cut with a knife, and a wound healing and anti-corrosion film can be applied to seal the wound. Regularly apply new high lipid film and spray 70% thiophanate-methyl WP at a concentration of 800 times.
The main pests include nocturnal moths, flat-mouthed leafhoppers, wood borers, and small fruit flies. In addition to using agricultural and biological control methods, when the tender shoots or flower clusters protrude by 1 to 3 centimeters, the 90% carbaryl crystal solution at a 1000-fold concentration can be used for prevention and control. Spray once every 7 to 10 days, and repeat this process 2 to 3 times. For wood borers, 30% carbaryl emulsifiable concentrate at 80 to 100 times the concentration can be injected into the holes, and then seal the hole openings. For small fruit flies, methyl eugenol can be used for trapping and killing. Specifically, small square pieces of sugarcane fiber board soaked in methyl eugenol and 3% malathion solution are hung on the trees for trapping.
Post time: May-27-2026
